Jupiter is one of the planets in the solar system. Perhaps Jupiter can be called the most mysterious and mysterious planet. It is Jupiter that is considered the largest planet in the solar system. At least, humanity does not know of any planets that would exceed Jupiter in size. Therefore, further we suggest reading more interesting and amazing facts about the planet Jupiter.
1. Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. In volume, Jupiter exceeds the Earth by 1300 times, and by gravity - 317 times.
2. Jupiter is located between Mars and Saturn and is the fifth planet of the solar system.
3. The planet was named after the supreme god of Roman mythology - Jupiter.
4. The force of gravity on Jupiter is 2.5 times greater than that of the Earth.
5. In 1992, a comet approached Jupiter, which tore the planet's powerful gravitational field into many fragments at a distance of 15 thousand km from the planet.
6. Jupiter is the fastest planet in the solar system.
7. It takes Jupiter 10 hours to complete a revolution around its axis.
8. Jupiter makes a revolution around the sun in 12 years.
9. Jupiter has the strongest magnetic field. The strength of its action exceeds the earth's magnetic field 14 times.
10. The power of radiation on Jupiter can harm spacecraft that get too close to the planet.
11. Jupiter has the largest number of satellites of all the studied planets - 67.
12. Most of Jupiter's moons are small in diameter and reach 4 km.
13. The most famous satellites of Jupiter are Callisto, Europa, Io, Ganymede. They were discovered by Galileo Galilei.
14. The names of Jupiter's satellites are not accidental, they are named after the lovers of the god Jupiter.
15. The largest satellite of Jupiter - Ginymede. It is over 5 thousand km in diameter.
16. Jupiter's moon Io is covered with mountains and volcanoes. It is the second known cosmic body with active volcanoes. The first is the Earth.
17. Europa - another moon of Jupiter - consists of water ice, under which may be hidden an ocean larger than the earth.
18. Callisto is supposed to consist of a dark stone, since it has practically no reflectivity.
19. Jupiter is almost entirely composed of hydrogen and helium, with a solid core. In its chemical composition, Jupiter is very close to the Sun.
20. The atmosphere of this giant also consists of helium and hydrogen. It has an orange color, which is given by the compounds of sulfur and phosphorus.
21. Jupiter has an atmospheric vortex that looks like a huge red spot. This spot was first noticed by Cassini in 1665. Then the length of the vortex was about 40 thousand kilometers, today this figure has halved. The vortex rotation speed is about 400 km / h.
22. From time to time, the atmospheric vortex on Jupiter completely disappears.
23. There are regular storms on Jupiter. About 500 km / h speed of eddy currents.
24. Most often, the duration of storms does not exceed 4 days. However, sometimes they drag on for months.
25. Once every 15 years, very strong hurricanes occur on Jupiter, which would destroy everything in their path, if there were something to destroy, and are accompanied by lightning, which cannot be compared in strength with lightning on Earth.
26. Jupiter, like Saturn, has so-called rings. They arise from the collision of the giant's satellites with meteors, as a result of which a large amount of dust and dirt is emitted into the atmosphere. The presence of rings in Jupiter was established in 1979, and they were discovered by the Voyager 1 spacecraft.
27. The main ring of Jupiter is even. It reaches 30 km in length and 6400 km in width.
28. Halo - internal cloud - reaches 20,000 km in thickness. The halo is located between the main and final rings of the planet and consists of solid dark particles.
29. The third ring of Jupiter is also called a cobweb, as it has a transparent structure. In fact, it consists of the smallest debris of Jupiter's moons.
30. Today, Jupiter has 4 rings.
31. There is a very low concentration of water in the atmosphere of Jupiter.
32. Astronomer Carl Sagan suggested that life is possible in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter. This hypothesis was put forward in the 70s. To date, the hypothesis has not been proven.
33. In the layer of Jupiter's atmosphere, which contains clouds of water vapor, the pressure and temperature are favorable for water-hydrocarbon life.
Jupiter's cloud belt
34. Galileo, Voyager 1, Voyager 2, Pioneer 10, Pioneer 11, Ulysses, Cassini and New Horizons - 8 spacecraft that have visited Jupiter.
35. Pioneer 10 is the first spacecraft visited by Jupiter. The Juno probe was launched towards Jupiter in 2011 and is expected to reach the planet in 2016.
36. The light of Jupiter is much brighter than Sirius - the brightest star in the sky. On a cloudless night with a small telescope or good binoculars, you can see not only Jupiter, but also 4 of its moons.
37. It rains diamond on Jupiter.
38. If Jupiter was from the Earth at the distance of the Moon, then we could see him like that.
39. The shape of the planet is slightly squeezed from the poles and slightly convex at the equator.
40. The core of Jupiter is close in size to the Earth, but its mass is 10 times less.
41. Jupiter's closest position to Earth is about 588 million kilometers, and the farthest distance is 968 million kilometers.
42. At the nearest point from the Sun, Jupiter is located at a distance of 740 million km, and at the farthest point - 816 million km.
43. The Galileo spacecraft took more than 6 years to reach Jupiter.
44. It took Voyager 1 only two years to reach Jupiter's orbit.
45. The New Horizons mission boasts the fastest flight to Jupiter - just over a year.
46. The average radius of Jupiter is 69911 km.
47. The diameter of Jupiter at the equator is 142984 km.
48. The diameter at the poles of Jupiter is slightly smaller and has a length of about 133700 km.
49. The surface of Jupiter is considered to be uniform, since the planet consists of gases and has no valleys and mountains - lower and upper points.
50. In order to become a star, Jupiter lacks mass. Although it is the largest planet in the solar system.
51. If you imagine the situation that a person jumped from a parachute, then on Jupiter he could never find a place to land.
52. The layers that make up the planet are nothing more than the superposition of gases on top of each other.
53. According to scientists, the core of the gas giant is surrounded by metallic and molecular hydrogen. More accurate information about the structure of Jupiter is not possible to obtain.
54. The troposphere of Jupiter contains water, hydrosulfite and ammonia, which form the famous white and red stripes of the planet.
55. The red stripes of Jupiter are hot and are called belts; the white stripes of the planet are cold and are called zones.
56. In the southern hemisphere, scientists often observe a pattern that white stripes completely cover the red ones.
57. Temperatures in the troposphere range from -160 ° C to -100 ° C.
58. Jupiter's stratosphere contains hydrocarbons. Heating of the stratosphere comes from the bowels of the planet and the sun.
59. Above the stratosphere is the thermosphere. Here the temperature reaches 725 ° C.
60. Storms and auroras occur on Jupiter.
61. A day on Jupiter is equal to 10 earth hours.
62. The surface of Jupiter, which is in the shadow, is much hotter than the surface illuminated by the Sun.
63. There are no seasons on Jupiter.
64. All satellites of the gas giant rotate in the opposite direction from the trajectory of the planet.
65. Jupiter makes sounds similar to human speech. Also called "electromagnetic voices".
66. The surface area of Jupiter is 6,21796 • 1010 km².
67. The volume of Jupiter is 1.43128 • 1015 km³.
68. The mass of the gas giant is 1.8986 x 1027 kg.
69. The average density of Jupiter is 1.326 g / cm³.
70. The tilt of the Jupiter axis is 3.13 °.
71. The center of mass of Jupiter with the Sun is outside the Sun. This is the only planet with such a center of mass.
72. The mass of the gas giant exceeds the total mass of all planets in the solar system by about 2.5 times.
73. The size of Jupiter is the maximum for a planet with such a structure and such history.
74. Scientists have created a description of three possible types of life that can inhabit Jupiter.
75. Sinker is the first imaginary life on Jupiter. Small organisms capable of incredibly fast reproduction.
76. Floater is the second imaginary species of life on Jupiter. Huge organisms, capable of reaching the size of an average earthly city. It feeds on organic molecules or produces them on its own.
77. Hunters are predators who feed on floaters.
78. Sometimes collisions of cyclonic structures take place on Jupiter.
79. In 1975, there was a large cyclonic collision, as a result of which the Red Spot faded and did not regain its color for several years.
80. In 2002, the Great Red Spot collided with the White Oval vortex. The clash continued for a month.
81. A new white vortex was formed in 2000. In 2005, the color of the vortex acquired a red color, and it was named "Small red spot".
82. In 2006, the Lesser Red Spot collided tangentially with the Great Red Spot.
83. The length of lightning on Jupiter exceeds thousands of kilometers, and in terms of power they are much higher than that of the Earth.
84. The moons of Jupiter have a pattern - the closer the satellite is to the planet, the greater its density.
85. The closest satellites of Jupiter are Adrasteus and Metis.
86. The diameter of the Jupiter satellite system is about 24 million km.
87. Jupiter has temporary moons, which are, in fact, comets.
88. In the Mesopotamian culture, Jupiter was called Mulu-babbar, which literally means "white star".
89. In China, the planet was called "Sui-hsing, which means" the star of the year. "
90. The energy that Jupiter radiates into outer space exceeds the energy that the planet receives from the Sun.
91. In astrology, Jupiter symbolizes good luck, prosperity, power.
92. Astrologers consider Jupiter to be the king of the planets.
93. "Tree Star" is the name of Jupiter in Chinese philosophy.
94. In the ancient culture of the Mongols and Turks, it was believed that Jupiter could have an impact on social and natural processes.
95. Jupiter's magnetic field is so powerful that it could swallow the Sun.
96. The largest satellite of Jupiter - Ganymede - one of the largest satellites of the solar system. Its diameter is 5268 kilometers. For comparison, the diameter of the Moon is 3474 km, the Earth is 12,742 km.
97. If a person is placed on the surface of Jupiter in 100 kg, then there his weight would increase to 250 kg.
98. Scientists suggest that Jupiter has more than 100 satellites, but this fact has not yet been proven.
99. Today Jupiter is one of the most studied planets.
100. That's how he is - Jupiter. Gas giant, fast, powerful, majestic representative of the solar system.
